10 Things I learned from "How to Get Startup Ideas"
This fairly short article written by Paul Grahm in 2012 still rings true: http://paulgraham.com/startupideas.html

1. Think about problems, not apps
You don't want a startup to be something you "think up" but a solution to a problem you notice.
The place to start looking for ideas is things you need. There must be things you need.
"More generally, try asking yourself whether there's something unusual about you that makes your needs different from most other people's. You're probably not the only one. It's especially good if you're different in a way people will increasingly be."
"When you find an unmet need that isn't your own, it may be somewhat blurry at first. The person who needs something may not know exactly what they need. In that case I often recommend that founders act like consultants — that they do what they'd do if they'd been retained to solve the problems of this one user."
2. Focus on a small group of users that would need your solution frequently
"When you have an idea for a startup, ask yourself: who wants this right now? Who wants this so much that they'll use it even when it's a crappy version one made by a two-person startup they've never heard of? If you can't answer that, the idea is probably bad."
3. Avoid ideas where a large number of people would be mildly interested
He uses the example of social media for pet owners. A Made Up idea looking for users.
4. Most of the time, a path out of a small initial niche is not obvious
5. "Live in the future, then build what's missing."
"If you look at the way successful founders have had their ideas, it's generally the result of some external stimulus hitting a prepared mind."
And later:
"Live in the future and build what seems interesting."
6. After problems get solved, they seem obvious in retrospect.
"coming up with startup ideas is a question of seeing the obvious. That suggests how weird this process is: you're trying to see things that are obvious, and yet that you hadn't seen."
7. Take time to let your idea evolve.
8. Prepare your mind to receive sparks of imagination and innovation
Read broadly. Pay attention.
9. Work on "toys"
"just as trying to think up startup ideas tends to produce bad ones, working on things that could be dismissed as "toys" often produces good ones. When something is described as a toy, that means it has everything an idea needs except being important."
10. If you write software, go to a field where there is not much software and not many software people.
11. Work on messy, unsexy problems
He calls these the unsexy and schlep filters like solving payments (Stripe).

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