I define active meditation as anything that involves stimulating the brain and physical motion, whereas passive meditation is essentially what we all think of when meditation comes to mind: sitting with our eyes closed, focusing on our breath, slowing our thoughts, and so on.
1. Talk through what you are observing in the moment.
This one is my go-to technique, as it is remarkably effective. Simply look in front of you and begin to describe, in detail, what you see. The act of talking through what you see can reduce distractions and bring you into the moment. For instance, right now I'm looking at a small green cactus. It is in a white coffee cup with brown soil. The cactus has 14 'arms' and is about six inches tall. You can literally talk through anything that you are witnessing in the moment.